Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces. Forging is often classified according to the temperature: “cold”, “warm”, or “hot” forging.
Forged parts can range in weight from less than a kilogram to 580 metric tons. Forged parts usually…
Rockwell Superficial Hardness Test:
The Rockwell Superficial Hardness Tester is used to test thin materials, lightly carburized steel surfaces, or parts that might bend or crush under the conditions of the regular test. This tester uses the same indenters as the standard Rockwell tester but…
1.1. Location of the Weld with Respect to Joint:
a.Arrow Side. Welds on the arrow side of the joint are shown by placing the weld symbols on the side of the reference line toward the reader.
Hardness Testing:
Hardness is the resistance of a material to localized deformation. The term can apply to deformation from indentation, scratching, cutting or bending. In metals, ceramics and most polymers, the deformation considered is plastic deformation of the surface.
For elastomers and some polymers, hardness is…
Welding of Stainless Steels:
General Concepts:
Stainless steels, resumed here in a general way, are defined as steel alloys, where the chromium content ranges from 10.5% to 30%. There are five distinct types of stainless steel:
Here are some rarely used NDT – Few Other Methods
1. Eddy Current Testing – ET:
Eddy-current inspection uses electromagnetic induction to detect flaws in conductive materials. A circular coil carrying current is placed in proximity to the test specimen (electrically conductive). The alternating current in…
We would see about Recommendations for Welding of Structural Steel as per AWS D1.1 , 2020 revision
Groove Weld: (Clause 4.4.1)
Weld Length : shall be the width of the parts joined , perpendicular to the direction of compressive or tensile stress,
Weld Size: Thickness of thinner…
The sole purpose of welding procedures is to describe the details that are to be followed in the welding of specific materials or type of joint. The following is a list of standard specifications for welding procedures that are normally covered in welding procedures…
Positions for Welding Pipe
For welding pipe in shops, power plants, oil refineries, and chemical plants for crude oil, gasoline, and natural gas, the same basic welding positions described previously are used.
Flat Butt Weld Pipe Position…
The NDT (nondestructive testing) methods are:
Visual Inspection – VT
Liquid Penetrant Testing – LT
Magnetic Particle Testing – MT
Radiographic Testing – RT
Ultrasonic Testing – UT
Eddy Current Testing – ET (not used in field inspection)
Acoustic Emission Testing – AET (not…