Heat-treating is a term used to describe all of the controlled heating and cooling operations performed on a material in the solid state for the purpose of altering its microstructure and/or properties. The major objectives of the different kinds of thermal treatments are:
Soften…
Rockwell Superficial Hardness Test:
The Rockwell Superficial Hardness Tester is used to test thin materials, lightly carburized steel surfaces, or parts that might bend or crush under the conditions of the regular test. This tester uses the same indenters as the standard Rockwell tester but…
Elements of Welding Symbols:
The first concepts the Welding Inspector must understand very well, are the welding symbols and how to interpret them on drawings. The reference line of the welding symbol, as shown below, is used to designate the type of weld to be…
Hardness Testing:
Hardness is the resistance of a material to localized deformation. The term can apply to deformation from indentation, scratching, cutting or bending. In metals, ceramics and most polymers, the deformation considered is plastic deformation of the surface.
For elastomers and some polymers, hardness is…
Here are some rarely used NDT – Few Other Methods
1. Eddy Current Testing – ET:
Eddy-current inspection uses electromagnetic induction to detect flaws in conductive materials. A circular coil carrying current is placed in proximity to the test specimen (electrically conductive). The alternating current in…
Positions for Welding Pipe
For welding pipe in shops, power plants, oil refineries, and chemical plants for crude oil, gasoline, and natural gas, the same basic welding positions described previously are used.
Flat Butt Weld Pipe Position…
The NDT (nondestructive testing) methods are:
Visual Inspection – VT
Liquid Penetrant Testing – LT
Magnetic Particle Testing – MT
Radiographic Testing – RT
Ultrasonic Testing – UT
Eddy Current Testing – ET (not used in field inspection)
Acoustic Emission Testing – AET (not…
Equipments and materials for NDT lab set up
Radiography Testing:
1) X-Ray tube head -450 kV capacity ( only if construction of a exposure room with approval from government is possible)
2) RT Films (D4 )
3) lead screen 0.125mm, 0.25 mm
4) Film casettes
5) set of IQI -wire…
Acceptance Criteria for Liquid Penetrant Testing -LPT as per ASME , AWS and API standards
Liquid penetrant testing simply called as PT. Sometimes Dye Penetrant Testing is a surface defect detection NDT method and is more sensitive to all kind of surface defects, such as…